The Method Of Ibs And Conventional System Construction Essay

The Method Of Ibs And Conventional System Construction Essay Labour productivity comparison between structural building systems showing that the number of trades for each building system was highly labour intensive because it consisted of four major operations, namely the erection of scaffolding and formwork, installation of reverse, casting of concrete and dismantling of scaffolding and formwork. On the other hand, the IBS required fewer construction operations. For instance, the cast in-situ tunnel form system did not require scaffolding to support the slab while the precast concrete system was pre-assembly in the factory, hence reducing on site labour input. crew size comparison between structural building system; Crew size comparison between structural building systems showing that the conventional building system was significantly different from the IBS. However, no significant difference was found between building systems in IBS. Hence, they were grouped into homogeneous subset . on average, IBS required a crew size of 22 people while the conventional building system required a crew size of 14 people. These crew sizes were further broken down into carpenter, precast panel erector, steel form erector, bartender, concrete and crane operator. In term of percentage, the conventional building system require d 7% more than size of the IBS. this was because the conventional building system required more construction trades than the IBS. cycle time comparison between structural building system; Cycle time comparison between structural building system show that the mean cycle time for completion of structural element of one house, the total construction duration for a project can be predetermined. This can be to evaluate the project extension of time submitted by the contractor. In terms of percentage, the conventional building system required 26%more than cast in-situ table form system, 41% of cast in-situ half tunnel form system 53% of precast concrete 2.4 Factor of choosing method of IBS and conventional system According to the Warszawski (1999),that is the factor of comparison between IBS and conventional system: factor IBS Conventional system Quality Quality-controlled and high aesrhetic and products through the process of controlled pre-fabrication and simplified installation. Factory production of fabricated components minimizes errors and imperfections, resulting in better quality products, better workmanship and superior finishes. An IBS components produces higher quality of components attainable through careful selection of materials, use of advantages technology and strict quality assurance control. The initial capital investment for setting up a permanent factor is relatively experience. Plant, equipment, skilled worker, management resources need to be acquired before production can be commenced. Less (cannot change the design flexibility as components ordered was fixed in sizes) Materials may manage by semi-skill people. Uncertain weather can result in less-than expected construction. More (design can change flexibility, or can cast in-situ) Speed of construction time Faster completion of construction projects due to the usage of standardized prefabricated components and simplified installation processes. An industrialized building system allow for faster construction time because casting of precast element at factory and foundation work at the site can occur simultaneously. This provides earlier occupation of the building, thus reducing interest payment or capital outlays. Generally, all building system requires lesser time to fabricated the building components, which may include time taken to fabricated, erect and dismantle formwork and to cure the concrete. Speed of construction is according to labour productivity and materials delivery to construction site. Time consuming where the process can be delay by weather or scheduling conflict. Construction of in-situ work requires the fixing and casting time, thus it is slow. Cost of construction The initial cost of constructing the factory, casting beds and support machinery is usually expensive and can only be removed when undertaking large project. The repetitive use of the formwork made up steel, aluminium, etc and scaffolding provides considerable cost savings. For large project, the initials capital investment in the building system can be amortized to a large extent, especially when the cost is given a wider spread. Prefabricattion capitalizes on a faster turnover, giving savings on overheads and other operational costs. Greater control over manufacturing results dramatically reduces the chance of cost overruns. Need to employ professional person to in charge. Construction cost increase due to uncontrollable variables such as weather and scheduling conflict. If suitable materials are choosing, cost of construction will decrease. Storage and equipment space For the purpose of erecting and assembling precast panels into their position, heavy crane is required especially for multi-storey building. It is therefore important to incorporate this additional cost when adopting a prefabrication system. The prefabrication system relies heavily on sophisticated plants, which have to be well coordinated and maintained by skilled operators. Breakdown in any section would hold-up the entire production line. A large work area for the factory, tower cranes, trailers and storage space for the precast components are normally required. Most construction sites are congested are quite often unable to provide the large are required. Need to provide a storage for machinery. Bigger space is needed materials storage Lesser large equipment at site like tower crane, mobile crane and etc. Safety and cleaner Construction is not affected by adverse weather condition because prefabricated component is done in a factory controlled environment. Safer construction site due to reduction of site workers, materials and construction wastage. Construction operation is safer without large equipment like tower crane and etc. transportation It is found that casting of large-panel system can reduce labour cost up to 30 percent. However, these cost savings are partially offset by the transportation costs. The transportation of large panels is also subject to the must taken into consideration when adopting a prefabrication system. All materials are deliver under small sizes and package form, thus all materials are easily transport to construction site. Labour Low site worker required due to simplified construction methods. Prefabrication takes place at a centralized factory, thus reducing labour requirement at site. This is true especially when high degree of mechanization involved. Due to the higher degree of mechanization, professional person is needed. Skilled workers are replaced by plant machinery, tower crane and mobile loaders. Using more of the workers is semi-skilled and skilled worker. High site workers required due to traditional construction methods. Using more of the workers is semi-skilled and skilled worker. (source: Peng, 1986; Abdullah, 2003; Warszawski, 1999; Zaini, 2000; CIDB, 2003, 2005; Ingemar Lofgren Kent Gylltoft, 1996; Raymond, 2002)

Diversity management programs Essay

Diversity in the workplace is an important aspect of the workplace, which if not followed, could lead to a society that doesn’t have respect for different cultures. It is important to develop diversity management programs, were aspects of diversity such as religion, different cultures due to outsourcing, age, women and single parents, disabled team members, flexible work hours, are discussed which will lead to redesigning jobs to better fit the individual. When developing a conceptual framework for such programs to be implemented, it is important to view how lack of diversity in the workplace has affected other countries around the world besides America. According to Begum (2005), social care organizations in the United Kingdom are affected greatly by lack of diversity amongst there staff. Information, in the United Kingdom, is not distributed fairly to the population, is distributed on a socio economic basis. It is important for social care organizations to become diverse in their workforce, if they are to embody the essence of the communities that they serve. Studies have indicated that gender and culture diversity create barriers to effective interactions and hinder employee performance (Managerial Issues, 2000). When outlining a possible course of action to take when implementing diversity management programs within employee workforces, we could include information on how lack of diversity in the workplace has affected countries like the United Kingdom. People tend to feel more comfortable working in groups with people who share their ideals and beliefs, which is something I think we are all guilty of at times. I think it is important when outlining the possible courses of action to take when implementing diversity management programs, that employees share their different ideals and beliefs in an open environment. I think that employees sharing their different ideals and beliefs help the workforce grow, and the company they work for as well. Michael Bird (2007), a college professor at De Vry University in South Florida, has implemented a diversity management program in which he has developed a five step program in order to ensure that his team succeeds. Michael’s five step program required, these students to one, understand and define diversity, to understand the organization’s value and necessities, effectively manage the resistance towards, evaluate our overall team’s performance, and last of all use the experiences shared to improve or groups management techniques. Flex management should be implemented in order to ensure that people feel like they are assets to the company, and are taken care of properly. During the development of a conceptual framework for a diversity management program, teambuilding exercises have proven to be the most effective. It is important for the employees to have different cultural backgrounds and different beliefs, in order that they may share those with the corporation in which they work. I think that when different cultures, different peoples with different ideas and beliefs, come together and share their ideas, truly inventive things can take place within the corporations they work in. America is a melting pot of different cultures and beliefs, which is what makes our country unique and truly produces unique individuals, tolerant of other people’s beliefs, with truly innovative ideas. One great way to go about instituting diversity management programs within the workplace would be to organize groups within the workplace that shared similar beliefs, and have them share their beliefs as a whole, and attempt to implement any new ideas obtained. The next step after instituting diversity management programs is to organize employees that share the same ideals, and discuss their shared ideals, and find common ground. In order for the employees participating in a diversity management group to share their ideas and implement them on a level on which they all agree, it is important that the employees learn to work together and respect each other’s ideals. With a proper management support, workers can have the proper training in order to train our employees to be more culturally sensitive. It is important that management is effective in their approach to dealing with culturally diverse issues. By training our employees and diversity management, they will benefit greatly. Although most of these successful companies the United States show’s significant efforts to include people with disabilities in a diverse workforce, there is still room for improvement. I hope that by implementing this diversity management program within the workplace, policies can be enforced specifying what is meant by diversity, in terms of race or gender, and also provide more information pertaining to those employees that have disabilities. With everybody’s help, we can be certain that we can implement this new diversity management program within the workplace, and that this program will be a success.

A Detailed Lesson Plan in MAPEH Essay

Before we start with our lesson for Today, let us have first an action songentitled â€Å"Its I who build community†Ready?Yes sir!Okay, let us do it all  together.Its I ( 3x) who build community(4x)*You*WeRoll over the ocean, roll over the seaRoll over the ocean and the deep blue sea.(The students willdo the action song)Very good!Do you like it?Yes sir! 2. Review Class, what was our lesson lastmeeting? Sir, our lesson last meetingwas all about the meaning,source and form of drugs.Very good! Where does the term drugderived?The term drug derivedfrom the Dutch word droog  which means dry.Well said! What do you mean by theword drug in the filed of medicine? In the field of medicine, drug  is any chemicalsubstance intended for use indiagnosis, cure, mitigation,treatment and prevention of diseases in animals. 3. Motivation Class, I am going to show you a short video clip.What you are going to do is to observe andafterwards I’m going to ask your reactions basedfrom the video presented.Am I understood class?Yes, sir!Now, what have had you observed fromthe video presented?We observed that the personsuffered a severe headache,He is hallucinating andexperienced difficulty inbreathing.What do you think are the reasons whythese particular situations happen?These situations happenbecause of the effects of taking or abusing drugs.Very good! B. Developmental Activities1. Presentation This morning, we are going to discussall about the classification of drugs according touse and effect. a. Setting of Standards But before that, what will you do while yourteacher is discussing in front?Listen, behave, sitproperly, understandthe lesson, cooperate,and participate.Can I expect that from you?Yes, sir! 2. Lesson Proper Class, I will group you into three. This willbe the group 1, 2 and 3. I have here some strips/photocopied materials containing the three classificationof drugs according to uses and effect. All you have to dois to discuss the topic, note/lists and write the importantdetails on your manila paper.Am I understood?Yes, sir!I will give you 5 minutes to do it. After yourgroup discussion, you are going to select 1 representativeto report it in the  class.Am I understood?Yes, sir!Go to your respective groups now. GROUP 1GROUP 2GROUP 3 Teacher supervises his students in every group.Students report what they have had discussed in their group.Teacher gives additional information and makes some clarifications asregards to the topic presented. IV. Evaluation In a  ½ crosswise of pad paper, explain briefly.1. What are the effects of abusing stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogensto:a. oneself b. familyc. community V. Assignment Have an advance reading about the topic â€Å"Prevention of drug abuse†.MAPEH-I textbook, pp. 378-380

Technology Has On Teenagers Like Me - 864 Words

â€Å"Are you even listening?†, â€Å"You’re not even paying attention!†, â€Å"It’s like you’re married to your phone!† If I had a dime for every time my parents have uttered these phrases to me, I’d be a millionaire. Yet, how could they not? Especially when it comes to today’s society. Technology might just be the biggest obstacle in human relationships. Using sources I found in literature and the database, I was able to compare and contrast human relationships before and after new technology was invented, use cause effect to explain the effects that technology has on teenagers like me, and analyze human relationships that have been affected by different media outlets. Let’s see if I can write this essay without getting distracted by my technological devices. Life before the 2000s and parts of the nineties can be considered as the good ole’ days. Most parents, grandparents, and adults can agree with that statemen t. This is because life didn’t include Apple products, social media, or any other technological advancements. Yes there were televisions, radios, computers, and even cell phones. However, children and teenagers were not as addicted to them as teenagers are now. I don’t know about other parents, but my parent’s only wish is that we can have family time without any type of technology. If I knew any better they would wish to live in the time of E.B. White’s essay, â€Å"Once More to the Lake†. A time where you could make memories that are â€Å"infinitely precious and worth saving† (WhiteShow MoreRelatedThe Responsibility that Comes with Modern Information and Communication Technolgy1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe introduction of technology into human life has made it easier for man to do work faster and more efficient in various companies and industries. In 1973, Martin Cooper, senior development engineer of Motorola, invented the first handhel d cell phone. 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